Theoretical Frameworks

Professor Jiang builds his analysis on a set of interlocking “laws” - structural patterns he identifies across history. These aren’t laws in the scientific sense; they’re recurring dynamics that shape how power, conflict, and civilization operate.

Core Laws

Power and Conflict

  • law-of-asymmetry - Why the weaker side often wins. Raw power is less important than strategic flexibility.
  • law-of-escalation - Why wars always expand beyond their intended scope. Escalation has its own logic.
  • cost-pyramid - The hidden economics of military force. Why expensive weapons lose to cheap ones.
  • law-of-proximity - Nations prioritize threats closest to home. Distance erodes commitment.

Systems and Cycles

Perception and Ideology

  • platos-cave-analogy - Most people see shadows of reality, not reality itself. Media, education, and institutions maintain the cave.
  • elite-overproduction - Too many elites competing for too few positions destabilizes societies.
  • law-of-eschatological-convergence - When multiple civilizations’ end-times prophecies align with geopolitical incentives, the prophecies become self-fulfilling.

How These Connect

The frameworks aren’t isolated tools - they form a system. The universal-law-of-game-theory sits at the top as a meta-framework. law-of-asymmetry and law-of-escalation explain military outcomes. engineered-boom-bust-cycles and price-hierarchy explain economic outcomes. law-of-eschatological-convergence and platos-cave-analogy explain why actors behave in ways that seem irrational until you understand their worldview.

The through-line: what appears chaotic is actually structural. Events that look random reveal patterns once you apply the right framework.